Wind energy resource assessment for five locations in Saudi Arabia

The analysis of recently collected wind data at five sites in Saudi Arabia namely, Dhulum, Arar, Yanbu, Gassim and Dhahran is presented. The five sites represent different geographically and climatologically conditions. The data collected over a period spanned between 1995 and 2002 with different collection periods for each site. Daily, monthly and frequency profiles of the wind speed at the sites showed that Dhulum and Arar sites have higher wind energy potential with annual wind speed average of 5.7 and 5.4 m/s and speeds higher than 5 m/s for 60 and 47% of the time, respectively. The two sites are candidates for remote area wind energy applications. The costal site's, i.e. Yanbu and Dhahran wind speed data indicated that the two sites have lower annual wind speed averages and wind blows at speed higher than 5 m/s during afternoon hours. That makes the two sites candidates for grid connected wind systems for electrical load peak shaving. The data of Gassim site showed that the site has the lowest wind energy potential compared to the others. The annual energy produced by a Nordex N43 wind machine is estimated to be 1080, 990, 730, 454 and 833 MWh for Dhulum, Arar, Yanbu, Gassim and Dhahran, respectively. The analysis showed that the estimated annual energy produced by the machine based on 10 min averaged data is 2.5% higher than the estimated energy based on 30 min averaged data.     

Simulation of the VVER-1000 pump start-up experiment of the OECD V1000CT benchmark with CATHARE and TRAC-PF1

In the framework of joint effort between the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) of OECD, the United States Department of Energy (US DOE), and the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), France a coupled three-dimensional (3D) thermal-hydraulics/neutron kinetics benchmark for VVER-1000 was defined. The benchmark consists of calculation of a pump start-up experiment labelled V1000CT-1 (Phase 1), as well as a vessel mixing experiment and main steam line break (MSLB) transient labelled V1000CT-2 (Phase 2), respectively. The reference nuclear plant is Kozloduy-6 in Bulgaria. The overall objective is to assess computer codes used in the analysis of VVER-1000 reactivity transients. A specific objective is to assess the vessel mixing models used in system codes. Plant data are available for code validation consisting of one experiment of pump start-up (V1000CT-1) and one experiment of steam generator isolation (V1000CT-2). The validated codes can be used to calculate asymmetric MSLB transients involving similar mixing patterns. This paper summarizes a comparison of CATHARE and TRAC-PF1 system code results for V1000CT-1, Exercise 1, which is a full plant point kinetics simulation of a reactor coolant system (RCS) pump start-up experiment. The reference plant data include integral and sector average parameters. The comparison is made from the point of view of vessel mixing and full system simulation. CATHARE used a six-sector multiple 1D vessel thermal-hydraulic model with cross flows and TRAC used a six-sector, 18-channel coarse-mesh 3D vessel model. Good agreement in terms of integral parameters and inter-loop mixing is observed.     

浅谈小型水库安全管理现状及对策

济南市长清区小型水库运行管理中发现了一些值得探讨的问题.本文主要介绍了济南市长清区小型水库安全运行管理存在的主要问题,分析了问题产生的原因,提出了相应的处理对策,以供参考.     

Application of condition-based HRA method for a manual actuation of the safety features in a nuclear power Plant

A practical approach to develop a more realistic fault-tree model with a consideration of various conditions endured by a human operator is proposed. In safety-critical systems, the generation failure of an actuation signal is caused by the concurrent failures of the automated systems and an operator action. These two sources of safety signals are complicatedly correlated. The failures of sensors or automated systems will cause a lack of necessary information for a human operator and result in error-forcing contexts such as the loss of corresponding alarms and indications. It is well known that the error-forcing contexts largely affect the operator's performance. An automated system which consists of multiple processing channels and complex components is also affected by the availability of the sensors. This paper proposes a condition-based human reliability assessment (CBHRA) method in order to address these complicated conditions in a practical way. We apply the CBHRA method to the manual actuation of the safety features such as a reactor trip and auxiliary feedwater actuation in Korean Standard Nuclear Power Plants. Even the human error probability of each given condition is simply assumed, the application results prove that the CBHRA effectively accommodates the complicated error-forcing contexts into the fault trees.     

文明寨油田微生物调驱矿场试验

针对文明寨油田高温高盐的特点,引进了一种耐温耐盐的FM复合微生物菌种。室内评价表明, 该菌种适应高温高盐油层,能有效改善原油性质,代谢产物主要为有机酸、醇、气体等。矿场开展调驱 试验12井次,注入井菌浓增加2个数量级,累计增油4269t,表明该菌种适应文明寨油藏条件。     

美国食品安全管理法规与举措

以美国国会研究服务部对第107届国会就食品安全方面的一份报告为基础,主要对美国的公共健康问题现状、美国食品安全的联邦规范框架组成、美国食品安全控制最新进展和国会对食品安全提出的新议题做了综述,对我国的食品安全控制和管理体系的建设发挥一点借鉴作用。     

农业重组微生物生物安全研究进展

综述了近年来农业重组微生物的研究现状和进展 ,详细介绍农业重组微生物环境释放的监控方法以及对环境的冲击作用 ,对一些有关生物安全研究的热点问题进行了探讨     

油气井射孔器用炸药及其安全性

介绍了中国和美国射孔器所用的单质和混合炸药43种.根据耐热性,射孔器可分为普通型、高温型和超高温型三类.射孔器和炸药的耐热性与其受热时间有关,最后文中叙述了射孔器的安全性能.     

田湾核电站场外事故后果评价系统--TW-NAOCAS

从田湾核电站早期应急的需要，开发了一套核事故场外后果实时评价计算机系统软件（TW-NAOCAS）。该系统设计为一个连接多种模型（数据预处理、风场预测、大气弥散、剂量估算和干预与防护对策评估）和数据库的综合系统。本文对该系统进行介绍，并通过模式比对，对系统物理模型有效性进行了初步分析。结果表明，该系统采用的物理模型和运行设计是有效而可靠的。     

工程建设项目职业健康安全和环境管理机构的主要职责

工程建设项目要实施健康、安全和环境管理,文章阐述了工程建设项目职业健康安全和环境管理机构设置的必要性,该机构是项目职业健康安全和环境管理体系及其管理网络的管理者,是完成项目职业健康安全和环境保护管理目标的第一责任部门。该机构的主要职责有:编制作业文件,组织培训教育,进行监测、检查和监督,审核不符合项的整改、纠正和预防工作,记录及其管理,项目职业健康安全和环境管理评审。组织精悍、职责明确的管理机构并通过严密有序的工作,是实现项目健康、安全、环境管理目标的重要保证。